Summary

The Global Autonomous E-Bicycles and E-Scooters Market is anticipated to witness robust growth at a CAGR of more than 40–45% from 2025 to 2032, reaching an estimated market size of USD 913 million by 2032. The global autonomous e-bicycles and e-scooters market has witnessed demand from the increase in micromobility and the integration of low-speed autonomous technologies, especially in shared fleets and last-mile delivery services.

Intelligent Fleet Optimization and Autonomous Capabilities Driving Adoption
By using AI-powered cameras, multi-sensor fusion systems, and cloud-based analytics, fleet management is being changed through automated monitoring, predictive analytics, and adaptive vehicle control. This shift in technology from simple electrification to semi- and fully autonomous capability is the most powerful factor that will shape the future of the global autonomous e-bicycles and e-scooters market.

Segment-Wise Market Snapshot
By Component
• Hardware (Sensors, Compute, Power, Chassis): Enables core vehicle functionality and control
• Software (Autonomy, Fleet, Connectivity): Powers intelligence, tracking, and cybersecurity
By Vehicle Type
• Autonomous E-Scooters: Compact, urban-focused automated mobility solution
• Autonomous E-Bicycles: Rider-assist integrated intelligent cycling systems
• E-Mopeds: Higher-speed autonomous light electric vehicles
By Application
• Last Mile Delivery: Efficient automated short-distance logistics
• Shared Urban Mobility: Fleet-based smart city transportation services
• Private B2B Fleets: Enterprise-focused controlled mobility operations
By Autonomy Level
• Semi-Autonomous: Assisted navigation with human oversight
• Fully Autonomous: Self-operating vehicles without rider control
By Business Model
• B2B Model: Direct enterprise sales and partnerships
• Shared Fleet Model: Pay-per-use urban mobility platforms

Regional Analysis
In addition to North America and Europe, which are steadily expanding due to their strong micromobility and smart mobility innovation, the Asia-Pacific is the fastest-growing region, and South America and the Middle East & Africa have emerging opportunities owing to their sustainability policies and last-mile transport demand.

Strategic EV Expansion and Brand Acceleration (September 2025)
Zypp raised awareness about EV usage and promotion of road safety among various stakeholders in India's mobility ecosystem through its impactful "Green Hai Toh Zypp Hai" campaign. Besides, it has planned a drastic increase in its fleet that is aimed at growing from 20, 000 to 100, 000 EVs within 12 to 18 months to help more than 200, 000 gig workers in the e-commerce and delivery sector.

Integration with Smart City Infrastructure
Autonomous e-bikes and e-scooters are compatible with the concept of smart cities through connectivity, AI-enabled routing, and fleet optimization. The possibility of them being integrated with digital urban infrastructure means that there is a far-sighted strategic advantage in solving the last-mile connectivity challenges that are continually evolving.

Key Report Attributes
• Market Size 2024: USD 3.2 Million
• Market Size 2032: USD 913 Million
• CAGR (2025-2032): 40-45%+
• Base Year: 2024
• Market Forecast Period: 2025-2032

Industry Segmentations Growth
• By Component: Hardware - 23.1%, Software - 43.4%.
• By Vehicle Type: Autonomous E-Scooters - 24.1%, Autonomous E-Bicycles - 47.0%.
• By Application: Last Mile Delivery - 27.6%, Shared Urban Mobility - 23.7%.
• By Autonomy Level: Semi Autonomous - 12.0%, Fully Autonomous - 45.2%.
• By Business Model: B2B Model - 28.0%, Shared Fleet Model - 20.5%.

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Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .... 22
2 MARKET INTRODUCTION...... 25
2.1 DEFINITION 25
2.2 SCOPE OF THE STUDY ...... 25
2.3 RESEARCH OBJECTIVE ..... 25
2.4 MARKET STRUCTURE ........ 26
3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ...... 27
3.1 OVERVIEW 27
3.2 DATA FLOW ....... 28
3.2.1 DATA MINING PROCESS .... 28
3.3 PURCHASED DATABASE: ....... 29
3.4 SECONDARY SOURCES: ..... 30
3.4.1 SECONDARY RESEARCH DATA FLOW: .... 31
3.5 PRIMARY RESEARCH: ....... 32
3.5.1 PRIMARY RESEARCH DATA FLOW: ........ 33
3.5.2 PRIMARY RESEARCH: NUMBER OF INTERVIEWS CONDUCTED ........ 34
3.6 APPROACHES FOR MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION: .... 35
3.6.1 REVENUE ANALYSIS APPROACH ....... 35
3.7 DATA FORECASTING.... 36
3.7.1 DATA FORECASTING TECHNIQUE ...... 36
3.8 DATA MODELING .... 37
3.8.1 MICROECONOMIC FACTOR ANALYSIS: ........ 37
3.8.2 DATA MODELING: .... 38
3.9 TEAMS AND ANALYST CONTRIBUTION ....... 40
4 MARKET DYNAMICS ....... 42
4.1 MARKET DRIVERS ........ 42
4.1.1 TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENTS IN AI AND IOT ENABLING SMART FEATURES ..... 42
4.1.2 GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE URBAN MOBILITY ..... 42
4.1.3 INCREASING DEMAND FOR ECO-FRIENDLY TRANSPORTATION SOLUTIONS .... 44
4.2 MARKET OPPORTUNITIES ...... 45
4.2.1 GROWING URBANIZATION LEADING TO INCREASED DEMAND FOR LAST-MILE CONNECTIVITY ...... 45
4.2.2 POTENTIAL INTEGRATION OF AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES INTO EXISTING PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS . 46
4.2.3 EXPANSION OF SHARED MOBILITY SERVICES AND RIDE-HAILING PLATFORMS ........ 47
4.3 MARKET RESTRAINTS ....... 48
4.3.1 REGULATORY CHALLENGES AND SAFETY CONCERNS ASSOCIATED WITH AUTONOMOUS TECHNOLOGY ..... 48
4.3.2 LIMITED INFRASTRUCTURE TO SUPPORT AUTONOMOUS E-BICYCLES AND E-SCOOTERS .... 49
4.3.3 HIGH COST OF DEVELOPMENT AND MANUFACTURING OF AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES .... 49
4.4 MARKET CHALLENGES ..... 50
4.4.1 PUBLIC SKEPTICISM AND POSSIBLE RESISTANCE TOWARDS AUTONOMOUS TRANSPORTATION SOLUTIONS ... 50
4.4.2 RAPID TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES POTENTIALLY MAKING EXISTING SOLUTIONS OBSOLETE....... 51
4.4.3 RISING COMPETITION FROM TRADITIONAL BICYCLE AND SCOOTER MANUFACTURERS ...... 52
4.5 MARKET & TECHNOLOGY TRENDS ........ 53
4.5.1 GROWTH OF AUTONOMOUS MICROMOBILITY UTILIZATION ....... 53
4.5.2 INTEGRATION OF ADVANCED AI AND IOT TECHNOLOGIES .... 53
4.5.3 EXPANSION OF SHARED MICROMOBILITY SERVICES ....... 54
4.5.4 A FOCUS ON SAFETY AND REGULATORY COMPLIANCE .... 54
4.5.5 ADVANCEMENTS IN BATTERY TECHNOLOGY ........ 54
5 MARKET FACTOR ANALYSIS ..... 55
5.1 SUPPLY/VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS .... 55
5.1.1 PARTICIPANTS ........ 55
5.1.1.1 COMPONENTS ANALYSIS .... 55
5.1.1.2 MANUFACTURERS ..... 56
5.1.1.3 DISTRIBUTION ...... 56
5.1.1.4 END-USERS ..... 56
5.1.2 VALUE DISTRIBUTION THROUGHOUT THE CHAIN ....... 57
5.1.3 LEVELS OF INTEGRATION ....... 57
5.1.4 RELEVANT ISSUES ADDRESSED ........ 57
5.2 PORTER'S FIVE FORCES MODEL ....... 58
5.2.1 BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS ...... 59
5.2.2 BARGAINING POWER OF BUYERS ...... 59
5.2.3 THREAT OF NEW ENTRANTS ........ 59
5.2.4 THREAT OF SUBSTITUTE ........ 60
5.2.5 INTENSITY OF RIVALRY ..... 60
5.3 ADJACENT MARKET ANALYSIS ........ 60
5.3.1 ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) MARKET ...... 60
5.3.2 SMART MOBILITY AND IOT-ENABLED SOLUTIONS ...... 61
5.3.3 SHARED MOBILITY AND RIDE-HAILING PLATFORMS ........ 61
5.3.4 URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE AND SMART CITY SOLUTIONS ...... 62
5.3.5 RENEWABLE ENERGY AND BATTERY CHARGING ECOSYSTEM .... 62
5.3.6 SAFETY AND WEARABLE TECHNOLOGY MARKET ....... 62
5.4 R & D UPDATE ........ 62
5.4.1 CURRENT SCENARIO .... 63
5.4.2 FUTURE ROADMAP ....... 63
5.4.3 CHALLENGES ..... 63
5.4.4 NOVEL APPLICATIONS ...... 64
5.4.5 KEY DEVELOPMENTS .... 64
5.5 MARKET SWOT ANALYSIS...... 65
5.5.1 STRENGTHS ....... 65
5.5.2 WEAKNESSES ..... 65
5.5.3 OPPORTUNITIES ...... 66
5.5.4 THREATS ...... 67
5.6 MARKET PESTEL ANALYSIS ........ 68
5.6.1 POLITICAL FACTORS .... 68
5.6.2 ECONOMIC FACTORS ........ 68
5.6.3 SOCIAL FACTORS .... 69
5.6.4 TECHNICAL FACTORS ........ 69
5.6.5 ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ........ 69
5.6.6 LEGAL FACTORS ..... 70
5.7 PATENT TRENDS ANALYSIS ........ 70
5.7.1 CURRENT SCENARIO .... 70
5.7.2 TECHNOLOGY TRENDS IDENTIFIED BY PATENTS ........ 71
5.7.3 STRATEGIC IMPLICATIONS ..... 71
5.7.4 FUTURE ROADMAP SURFACING FROM PATENT TRENDS ....... 71
5.8 FUTURE GROWTH OUTLOOK ....... 72
5.9 TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION ANALYSIS ...... 73
5.10 CUSTOMER BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS..... 74
5.11 CASE STUDIES ........ 75
5.12 REGULATORY / POLICY LANDSCAPE ..... 76
5.13 URBAN MOBILITY POLICIES ........ 77
5.13.1 LOW-EMISSION ZONES (LEZ) AND MICROMOBILITY MANDATES ..... 77
5.13.2 SHARED MOBILITY REGULATION (SPEED, SAFETY, INSURANCE) ..... 77
5.14 PILOT ZONES & REGULATORY SANDBOXES ..... 78
5.14.1 SINGAPORE: SMART MOBILITY TEST BED .... 78
5.14.2 EU: EIT URBAN MOBILITY PILOTS ...... 78
5.14.3 U.S.: NACTO-DESIGNATED MICROMOBILITY ZONES .... 78
5.14.4 JAPAN: TOKYO SMART MOBILITY CHALLENGE ZONES .... 79
5.14.5 OTHER GLOBAL INITIATIVES ........ 79
5.15 POLICY TRENDS ..... 79
5.15.1 EUROPEAN UNION AND UNITED STATES: COMMITMENT TO VISION ZERO, 15-MINUTE CITIES, AND ACCESSIBILITY
GOALS 79
5.15.2 ASIA: SMART CITY PROGRAMS SUPPORTING AUTONOMOUS MOBILITY .... 80
5.15.3 OTHERS (MIDDLE EAST, LATIN AMERICA, AFRICA) ..... 80
6 GLOBAL AUTONOMOUS E-BICYCLES AND E-SCOOTER MARKET, BY COMPONENT (USD MILLION) .... 81
6.1 INTRODUCTION ...... 81
6.2 HARDWARE 82
6.2.1 SENSORS ...... 83
6.2.2 COMPUTE ..... 84
6.2.3 POWER SYSTEMS .... 85
6.2.4 CHASSIS AND ACTUATION...... 86
6.3 SOFTWARE 87
6.3.1 AUTONOMY STACK ...... 88
6.3.2 FLEET MANAGEMENT ........ 88
6.3.3 CYBERSECURITY ..... 89
6.3.4 V2X OR CONNECTIVITY ..... 90
7 GLOBAL AUTONOMOUS E-BICYCLES AND E-SCOOTER MARKET, BY VEHICLE TYPE (USD MILLION) ....... 91
7.1 INTRODUCTION ...... 91
7.2 AUTONOMOUS E-SCOOTERS ....... 92
7.3 AUTONOMOUS E-BICYCLES .... 92
7.4 E-MOPEDS 93
8 GLOBAL AUTONOMOUS E-BICYCLES AND E-SCOOTER MARKET, BY AUTONOMY LEVEL (USD MILLION) ...... 95
8.1 INTRODUCTION ...... 95
8.2 SEMI AUTONOMOUS .... 96
8.3 FULLY AUTONOMOUS ....... 96
9 GLOBAL AUTONOMOUS E-BICYCLES AND E-SCOOTER MARKET, BY BUSINESS MODEL (USD MILLION) ....... 98
9.1 INTRODUCTION ...... 98
9.2 B2B MODEL ....... 99
9.3 SHARED FLEET MODEL ..... 99
10 GLOBAL AUTONOMOUS E-BICYCLES AND E-SCOOTER MARKET, BY APPLICATION (USD MILLION) ........ 100
10.1 INTRODUCTION ...... 100
10.2 LAST MILE DELIVERY ........ 101
10.3 SHARED URBAN MOBILITY ..... 101
10.4 PRIVATE B2B FLEETS ....... 102
11 GLOBAL AUTONOMOUS E-BICYCLES AND E-SCOOTER MARKET, BY REGION ...... 103
11.1 OVERVIEW 103
11.2 NORTH AMERICA .... 105
11.2.1 US....... 110
11.2.2 CANADA ....... 112
11.3 EUROPE 114
11.3.1 GERMANY ..... 119
11.3.2 THE UK .... 121
11.3.3 FRANCE ........ 123
11.3.4 RUSSIA .... 125
11.3.5 ITALY ....... 127
11.3.6 SPAIN ...... 129
11.3.7 REST OF EUROPE ..... 131
11.4 ASIA PACIFIC .... 133
11.4.1 CHINA ...... 137
11.4.2 INDIA ....... 139
11.4.3 JAPAN ..... 141
11.4.4 SOUTH KOREA .... 143
11.4.5 MALAYSIA .... 145
11.4.6 THAILAND ..... 147
11.4.7 INDONESIA .... 149
11.4.8 REST OF APAC ........ 151
11.5 SOUTH AMERICA .... 153
11.5.1 BRAZIL ..... 158
11.5.2 MEXICO ........ 160
11.5.3 ARGENTINA ....... 162
11.5.4 REST OF SOUTH AMERICA ...... 164
11.6 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA .... 166
11.6.1 GCC COUNTRIES...... 170
11.6.2 SOUTH AFRICA ........ 172
11.6.3 REST OF MEA ..... 174
12 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE ....... 177
12.1 INTRODUCTION ...... 177
12.2 COMPETITIVE BENCHMARKING ....... 178
12.3 COMPANY MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS, 2026 ........ 179
12.4 COMPANY MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS, 2028 ........ 180
12.5 COMPANY MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS, 2030 ........ 181
12.6 PRODUCT INFORMATION/ PRODUCT BENCHMARKING ANALYSIS ....... 182
12.7 DEVELOPMENT & BUSINESS EXPANSION TRENDS ..... 183
12.7.1 RECENT TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS IN AUTONOMOUS DRIVING FOR MICRO-MOBILITY ..... 183
12.7.2 PILOT TESTS AND LAUNCHED SERVICES ..... 183
12.7.3 BUSINESS EXPANSION STRATEGIES OF KEY OPERATORS ..... 183
12.8 MANUFACTURER & OPERATOR ANALYSIS ....... 184
12.8.1 LEADING MANUFACTURERS IN AUTONOMOUS MICRO-MOBILITY .... 184
12.8.2 KEY OPERATORS OF AUTONOMOUS DRIVING ........ 184
12.8.3 COMPARATIVE OVERVIEW: MANUFACTURERS V. OPERATORS ........ 184
12.9 3C ANALYSIS OF COMPETITORS ...... 185
12.9.1 XIAOMI .... 185
12.9.1.1 COMPANY....... 185
12.9.1.2 COMPETITOR ....... 185
12.9.1.3 CUSTOMERS ........ 186
12.9.2 YADEA ..... 186
12.9.2.1 COMPANY....... 186
12.9.2.2 COMPETITOR ....... 187
12.9.2.3 CUSTOMERS ........ 187
12.9.3 ONO .... 187
12.9.3.1 COMPANY....... 187
12.9.3.2 COMPETITOR ....... 188
12.9.3.3 CUSTOMERS ........ 189
12.9.4 IGO ELECTRIC .... 189
12.9.4.1 COMPANY....... 189
12.9.4.2 COMPETITOR ....... 190
12.9.4.3 CUSTOMERS ........ 190
12.9.5 HUAWEI ........ 191
12.9.5.1 COMPANY....... 191
12.9.5.2 COMPETITOR ....... 191
12.9.5.3 CUSTOMERS ........ 192
12.9.6 LIT MOTORS ....... 192
12.9.6.1 COMPANY....... 192
12.9.6.2 COMPETITOR ....... 192
12.9.6.3 CUSTOMERS ........ 193
12.9.7 COMODULE ........ 193
12.9.7.1 COMPANY....... 193
12.9.7.2 COMPETITOR ....... 194
12.9.7.3 CUSTOMERS ........ 194
12.9.8 LIME ........ 195
12.9.8.1 COMPANY....... 195
12.9.8.2 COMPETITOR ....... 195
12.9.8.3 CUSTOMERS ........ 196
12.9.9 LIME ........ 196
12.9.9.1 COMPANY....... 196
12.9.9.2 COMPETITOR ....... 197
12.9.9.3 CUSTOMERS ........ 197
12.10 PARTNER ECOSYSTEM ANALYSIS .... 197
12.11 GO-TO-MARKET FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS ..... 199
12.12 KEY DEVELOPMENTS & GROWTH STRATEGIES ..... 199
12.12.1 PRODUCT LAUNCH ....... 199
12.12.2 PARTNERSHIP .... 201
12.12.3 EXPANSION ....... 201
13 COMPANY PROFILES ...... 202
13.1 ZYPP ELECTRIC ...... 202
13.1.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW ........ 202
13.1.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW ....... 203
13.1.3 PRODUCTS OFFERED .... 203
13.1.4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS .... 203
13.1.5 SWOT ANALYSIS ..... 204
13.1.6 KEY STRATEGY ........ 204
13.2 LIME 205
13.2.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW ........ 205
13.2.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW ....... 206
13.2.3 PRODUCTS OFFERED .... 206
13.2.4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS .... 206
13.2.5 SWOT ANALYSIS ..... 206
13.2.6 KEY STRATEGY ........ 207
13.3 YADEA 208
13.3.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW ........ 208
13.3.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW ....... 209
13.3.3 PRODUCTS OFFERED .... 210
13.3.4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS .... 210
13.3.5 SWOT ANALYSIS ..... 211
13.3.6 KEY STRATEGY ........ 211
13.4 XIAOMI 212
13.4.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW ........ 212
13.4.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW ....... 213
13.4.3 PRODUCTS OFFERED .... 213
13.4.4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS .... 213
13.4.5 SWOT ANALYSIS ..... 214
13.4.6 KEY STRATEGY ........ 214
13.5 ONO 215
13.5.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW ........ 215
13.5.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW ....... 216
13.5.3 PRODUCTS OFFERED .... 216
13.5.4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS .... 216
13.5.5 SWOT ANALYSIS ..... 216
13.5.6 KEY STRATEGY ........ 216
13.6 IGOWISE 217
13.6.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW ........ 217
13.6.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW ....... 218
13.6.3 PRODUCTS OFFERED .... 218
13.6.4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS .... 218
13.6.5 SWOT ANALYSIS ..... 218
13.6.6 KEY STRATEGY ........ 218
13.7 HUAWEI 219
13.7.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW ........ 219
13.7.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW ....... 220
13.7.3 PRODUCTS OFFERED .... 220
13.7.4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS .... 220
13.7.5 SWOT ANALYSIS ..... 220
13.7.6 KEY STRATEGY ........ 221
13.8 LIT MOTORS ...... 222
13.8.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW ........ 222
13.8.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW ....... 223
13.8.3 PRODUCTS OFFERED .... 223
13.8.4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS .... 223
13.8.5 SWOT ANALYSIS ..... 223
13.8.6 KEY STRATEGY ........ 223
13.9 COMODULE/VELEON ........ 224
13.9.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW ........ 224
13.9.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW ....... 224
13.9.3 PRODUCTS OFFERED .... 224
13.9.4 KEY DEVELOPMENTS .... 225
13.9.5 SWOT ANALYSIS ..... 225
13.9.6 KEY STRATEGY ........ 225

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List of Tables/Graphs