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業務用カーペットの世界市場 2022-2026
Technavioは業務用カーペット市場を監視しており、2022-2026年の間に1億5577万ドルの成長が見込まれ、予測期間中にCAGR2.7％で加速しています。当レポートでは、業務用カーペット市場の全体分析、市場規模と予測、動向、成長促進要因、課題、さらに約25社のベンダーを網羅したベンダー分析などを提供しています。
現在の世界市場のシナリオ、最新のトレンドとドライバー、市場全体の環境に関する最新の分析を提供しています。市場は、非住宅ビルの建設プロジェクトの増加、タイルカーペットの需要増、業務用カーペットの低価格化によって牽引されています。
業務用カーペット市場の分析には、製品セグメントと地理的展望が含まれます。
Technavioの業務用カーペット市場は以下のようにセグメント化されています。
製品別
- タイルカーペット
- ブロードルーム
地理的状況別
- 北アメリカ
- 欧州
- アジア太平洋
- 南米
- 中近東・アフリカ
本調査では、今後数年間の業務用カーペット市場の成長を促進する主要な理由の一つとして、新興の発光カーペットを挙げています。また、販売促進のためのVR技術の採用や、持続可能なカーペットの需要の増加が、市場の大きな需要につながると考えています。
Technavioは、複数のソースからのデータを調査、合成、総括する方法で、主要パラメータの分析により、市場の詳細な姿を提示します。商業用カーペット市場に関する弊社のレポートは以下の分野を対象としています。
- 業務用カーペット市場のサイジング
- 業務用カーペットの市場予測
- 業務用カーペット市場の産業分析
Technavioの強力なベンダー分析は、お客様が市場での地位を向上できるように設計されており、これに沿って本レポートでは、Armstrong Flooring Inc.、Balta Group NV、Beaulieu International Group、Berkshire Hathaway Inc.、Burmatex Ltd.、Engineering Carpets AS、Engineering Carpets ASなどの大手商用カーペットベンダーについて詳しく分析しています。Ege Carpets AS、Engineered Floors LLC、Forbo Holding AG、Headlam Group Plc、Heckmondwike FB Ltd、Interface Inc、Koch Industries Inc、Mannton Mills Inc、Milliken and Co、Mohawk Industries Inc、Newhey Carpets Ltd、Remland Carpets Online Ltd、Tarkett Group、Thomas Witter Carpets Ltd、Toli Floor Corp、および Victoria Plcが含まれます。また、業務用カーペット市場の分析レポートには、今後の動向や市場成長に影響を与える課題に関する情報も含まれています。これは、企業が戦略を立て、来るべき成長機会をすべて活用するのに役立つものです。
本調査は、業界の主要参加者からの情報提供を含め、一次情報と二次情報の客観的な組み合わせを使用して実施されました。本レポートには、主要ベンダーの分析に加え、包括的な市場およびベンダーランドスケープが含まれています。本レポートの詳細については、https://www.technavio.com/report/commercial-carpet-market-industry-analysis をご覧ください。
Technavioは、利益、価格、競争、プロモーションなどの主要パラメータの分析により、複数のソースからのデータの研究、合成、総括の方法により、市場の詳細な姿を提示します。また、業界の主要なインフルエンサーを特定することにより、市場の様々な側面を提示します。提示されるデータは包括的で信頼性が高く、一次および二次にわたる広範な調査の結果である。Technavioの市場調査レポートは、正確な市場成長を予測するために、完全な競争環境と、定性的および定量的調査を用いた詳細なベンダー選定方法および分析を提供します。

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目次

• 1 Executive Summary
o 1.1 Market overview
o Exhibit 01: Executive Summary - Chart on Market Overview
o Exhibit 02: Executive Summary - Data Table on Market Overview
o Exhibit 03: Executive Summary - Chart on Global Market Characteristics
o Exhibit 04: Executive Summary - Chart on Market By Geographical Landscape
o Exhibit 05: Executive Summary - Chart on Market Segmentation by Product
o Exhibit 06: Executive Summary - Chart on Incremental Growth
o Exhibit 07: Executive Summary - Data Table on Incremental Growth
o Exhibit 08: Executive Summary - Chart on Vendor Market Positioning
• 2 Market Landscape
o 2.1 Market ecosystem
o Exhibit 09: Parent market
o Exhibit 10: Market Characteristics
• 3 Market Sizing
o 3.1 Market definition
o Exhibit 11: Offerings of vendors included in the market definition
o 3.2 Market segment analysis
o Exhibit 12: Market segments
o 3.3 Market size 2021
o 3.4 Market outlook: Forecast for 2021-2026
o Exhibit 13: Chart on Global - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
o Exhibit 14: Data Table on Global - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
o Exhibit 15: Chart on Global Market: Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
o Exhibit 16: Data Table on Global Market: Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
• 4 Five Forces Analysis
o 4.1 Five forces summary
o Exhibit 17: Five forces analysis - Comparison between 2021 and 2026
o 4.2 Bargaining power of buyers
o Exhibit 18: Chart on Bargaining power of buyers - Impact of key factors 2021 and 2026
o 4.3 Bargaining power of suppliers
o Exhibit 19: Bargaining power of suppliers - Impact of key factors in 2021 and 2026
o 4.4 Threat of new entrants
o Exhibit 20: Threat of new entrants - Impact of key factors in 2021 and 2026
o 4.5 Threat of substitutes
o Exhibit 21: Threat of substitutes - Impact of key factors in 2021 and 2026
o 4.6 Threat of rivalry
o Exhibit 22: Threat of rivalry - Impact of key factors in 2021 and 2026
o 4.7 Market condition
o Exhibit 23: Chart on Market condition - Five forces 2021 and 2026
• 5 Market Segmentation by Product
o 5.1 Market segments
o Exhibit 24: Chart on Product - Market share 2021-2026 (%)
o Exhibit 25: Data Table on Product - Market share 2021-2026 (%)
o 5.2 Comparison by Product
o Exhibit 26: Chart on Comparison by Product
o Exhibit 27: Data Table on Comparison by Product
o 5.3 Carpet tiles - Market size and forecast 2021-2026
o Exhibit 28: Chart on Carpet tiles - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
o Exhibit 29: Data Table on Carpet tiles - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
o Exhibit 30: Chart on Carpet tiles - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
o Exhibit 31: Data Table on Carpet tiles - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
o 5.4 Broadlooms - Market size and forecast 2021-2026
o Exhibit 32: Chart on Broadlooms - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
o Exhibit 33: Data Table on Broadlooms - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
o Exhibit 34: Chart on Broadlooms - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
o Exhibit 35: Data Table on Broadlooms - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
o 5.5 Market opportunity by Product
o Exhibit 36: Market opportunity by Product ($ million)
• 6 Customer Landscape
o 6.1 Customer landscape overview
o Exhibit 37: Analysis of price sensitivity, lifecycle, customer purchase basket, adoption rates, and purchase criteria
• 7 Geographic Landscape
o 7.1 Geographic segmentation
o Exhibit 38: Chart on Market share By Geographical Landscape 2021-2026 (%)
o Exhibit 39: Data Table on Market share By Geographical Landscape 2021-2026 (%)
o 7.2 Geographic comparison
o Exhibit 40: Chart on Geographic comparison
o Exhibit 41: Data Table on Geographic comparison
o 7.3 North America - Market size and forecast 2021-2026
o Exhibit 42: Chart on North America - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
o Exhibit 43: Data Table on North America - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
o Exhibit 44: Chart on North America - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
o Exhibit 45: Data Table on North America - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
o 7.4 Europe - Market size and forecast 2021-2026
o Exhibit 46: Chart on Europe - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
o Exhibit 47: Data Table on Europe - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
o Exhibit 48: Chart on Europe - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
o Exhibit 49: Data Table on Europe - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
o 7.5 APAC - Market size and forecast 2021-2026
o Exhibit 50: Chart on APAC - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
o Exhibit 51: Data Table on APAC - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
o Exhibit 52: Chart on APAC - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
o Exhibit 53: Data Table on APAC - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
o 7.6 South America - Market size and forecast 2021-2026
o Exhibit 54: Chart on South America - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
o Exhibit 55: Data Table on South America - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
o Exhibit 56: Chart on South America - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
o Exhibit 57: Data Table on South America - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
o 7.7 Middle East and Africa - Market size and forecast 2021-2026
o Exhibit 58: Chart on Middle East and Africa - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
o Exhibit 59: Data Table on Middle East and Africa - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
o Exhibit 60: Chart on Middle East and Africa - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
o Exhibit 61: Data Table on Middle East and Africa - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
o 7.8 US - Market size and forecast 2021-2026
o Exhibit 62: Chart on US - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
o Exhibit 63: Data Table on US - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
o Exhibit 64: Chart on US - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
o Exhibit 65: Data Table on US - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
o 7.9 China - Market size and forecast 2021-2026
o Exhibit 66: Chart on China - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
o Exhibit 67: Data Table on China - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
o Exhibit 68: Chart on China - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
o Exhibit 69: Data Table on China - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
o 7.10 Germany - Market size and forecast 2021-2026
o Exhibit 70: Chart on Germany - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
o Exhibit 71: Data Table on Germany - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
o Exhibit 72: Chart on Germany - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
o Exhibit 73: Data Table on Germany - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
o 7.11 UK - Market size and forecast 2021-2026
o Exhibit 74: Chart on UK - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
o Exhibit 75: Data Table on UK - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
o Exhibit 76: Chart on UK - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
o Exhibit 77: Data Table on UK - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
o 7.12 United Arab Emirates - Market size and forecast 2021-2026
o Exhibit 78: Chart on United Arab Emirates - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
o Exhibit 79: Data Table on United Arab Emirates - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
o Exhibit 80: Chart on United Arab Emirates - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
o Exhibit 81: Data Table on United Arab Emirates - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
o 7.13 Market opportunity By Geographical Landscape
o Exhibit 82: Market opportunity By Geographical Landscape ($ million)
• 8 Drivers, Challenges, and Trends
o 8.1 Market drivers
o 8.2 Market challenges
o 8.3 Impact of drivers and challenges
o Exhibit 83: Impact of drivers and challenges in 2021 and 2026
o 8.4 Market trends
• 9 Vendor Landscape
o 9.1 Overview
o 9.2 Vendor landscape
o Exhibit 84: Overview on Criticality of inputs and Factors of differentiation
o 9.3 Landscape disruption
o Exhibit 85: Overview on factors of disruption
o 9.4 Industry risks
o Exhibit 86: Impact of key risks on business
• 10 Vendor Analysis
o 10.1 Vendors covered
o Exhibit 87: Vendors covered
o 10.2 Market positioning of vendors
o Exhibit 88: Matrix on vendor position and classification
o 10.3 Berkshire Hathaway Inc.
o Exhibit 89: Berkshire Hathaway Inc. - Overview
o Exhibit 90: Berkshire Hathaway Inc. - Business segments
o Exhibit 91: Berkshire Hathaway Inc. - Key offerings
o Exhibit 92: Berkshire Hathaway Inc. - Segment focus
o 10.4 Engineered Floors LLC
o Exhibit 93: Engineered Floors LLC - Overview
o Exhibit 94: Engineered Floors LLC - Product / Service
o Exhibit 95: Engineered Floors LLC - Key offerings
o 10.5 Forbo Holding AG
o Exhibit 96: Forbo Holding AG - Overview
o Exhibit 97: Forbo Holding AG - Business segments
o Exhibit 98: Forbo Holding AG - Key offerings
o Exhibit 99: Forbo Holding AG - Segment focus
o 10.6 Interface Inc.
o Exhibit 100: Interface Inc. - Overview
o Exhibit 101: Interface Inc. - Product / Service
o Exhibit 102: Interface Inc. - Key offerings
o 10.7 Mannington Mills Inc.
o Exhibit 103: Mannington Mills Inc. - Overview
o Exhibit 104: Mannington Mills Inc. - Product / Service
o Exhibit 105: Mannington Mills Inc. - Key offerings
o 10.8 Milliken and Co.
o Exhibit 106: Milliken and Co. - Overview
o Exhibit 107: Milliken and Co. - Product / Service
o Exhibit 108: Milliken and Co. - Key news
o Exhibit 109: Milliken and Co. - Key offerings
o 10.9 Mohawk Industries Inc.
o Exhibit 110: Mohawk Industries Inc. - Overview
o Exhibit 111: Mohawk Industries Inc. - Business segments
o Exhibit 112: Mohawk Industries Inc. - Key offerings
o Exhibit 113: Mohawk Industries Inc. - Segment focus
o 10.10 Tarkett Group
o Exhibit 114: Tarkett Group - Overview
o Exhibit 115: Tarkett Group - Business segments
o Exhibit 116: Tarkett Group - Key offerings
o Exhibit 117: Tarkett Group - Segment focus
o 10.11 Toli Floor Corp.
o Exhibit 118: Toli Floor Corp. - Overview
o Exhibit 119: Toli Floor Corp. - Product / Service
o Exhibit 120: Toli Floor Corp. - Key offerings
o 10.12 Victoria Plc
o Exhibit 121: Victoria Plc - Overview
o Exhibit 122: Victoria Plc - Business segments
o Exhibit 123: Victoria Plc - Key offerings
o Exhibit 124: Victoria Plc - Segment focus
• 11 Appendix
o 11.1 Scope of the report
o 11.2 Inclusions and exclusions checklist
o Exhibit 125: Inclusions checklist
o Exhibit 126: Exclusions checklist
o 11.3 Currency conversion rates for US$
o Exhibit 127: Currency conversion rates for US$
o 11.4 Research methodology
o Exhibit 128: Research methodology
o Exhibit 129: Validation techniques employed for market sizing
o Exhibit 130: Information sources
o 11.5 List of abbreviations
o Exhibit 131: List of abbreviations


Exhibits:
Exhibits1: Executive Summary - Chart on Market Overview
Exhibits2: Executive Summary - Data Table on Market Overview
Exhibits3: Executive Summary - Chart on Global Market Characteristics
Exhibits4: Executive Summary - Chart on Market By Geographical Landscape
Exhibits5: Executive Summary - Chart on Market Segmentation by Product
Exhibits6: Executive Summary - Chart on Incremental Growth
Exhibits7: Executive Summary - Data Table on Incremental Growth
Exhibits8: Executive Summary - Chart on Vendor Market Positioning
Exhibits9: Parent market
Exhibits10: Market Characteristics
Exhibits11: Offerings of vendors included in the market definition
Exhibits12: Market segments
Exhibits13: Chart on Global - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
Exhibits14: Data Table on Global - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
Exhibits15: Chart on Global Market: Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
Exhibits16: Data Table on Global Market: Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
Exhibits17: Five forces analysis - Comparison between 2021 and 2026
Exhibits18: Chart on Bargaining power of buyers - Impact of key factors 2021 and 2026
Exhibits19: Bargaining power of suppliers - Impact of key factors in 2021 and 2026
Exhibits20: Threat of new entrants - Impact of key factors in 2021 and 2026
Exhibits21: Threat of substitutes - Impact of key factors in 2021 and 2026
Exhibits22: Threat of rivalry - Impact of key factors in 2021 and 2026
Exhibits23: Chart on Market condition - Five forces 2021 and 2026
Exhibits24: Chart on Product - Market share 2021-2026 (%)
Exhibits25: Data Table on Product - Market share 2021-2026 (%)
Exhibits26: Chart on Comparison by Product
Exhibits27: Data Table on Comparison by Product
Exhibits28: Chart on Carpet tiles - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
Exhibits29: Data Table on Carpet tiles - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
Exhibits30: Chart on Carpet tiles - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
Exhibits31: Data Table on Carpet tiles - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
Exhibits32: Chart on Broadlooms - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
Exhibits33: Data Table on Broadlooms - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
Exhibits34: Chart on Broadlooms - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
Exhibits35: Data Table on Broadlooms - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
Exhibits36: Market opportunity by Product ($ million)
Exhibits37: Analysis of price sensitivity, lifecycle, customer purchase basket, adoption rates, and purchase criteria
Exhibits38: Chart on Market share By Geographical Landscape 2021-2026 (%)
Exhibits39: Data Table on Market share By Geographical Landscape 2021-2026 (%)
Exhibits40: Chart on Geographic comparison
Exhibits41: Data Table on Geographic comparison
Exhibits42: Chart on North America - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
Exhibits43: Data Table on North America - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
Exhibits44: Chart on North America - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
Exhibits45: Data Table on North America - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
Exhibits46: Chart on Europe - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
Exhibits47: Data Table on Europe - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
Exhibits48: Chart on Europe - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
Exhibits49: Data Table on Europe - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
Exhibits50: Chart on APAC - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
Exhibits51: Data Table on APAC - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
Exhibits52: Chart on APAC - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
Exhibits53: Data Table on APAC - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
Exhibits54: Chart on South America - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
Exhibits55: Data Table on South America - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
Exhibits56: Chart on South America - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
Exhibits57: Data Table on South America - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
Exhibits58: Chart on Middle East and Africa - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
Exhibits59: Data Table on Middle East and Africa - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
Exhibits60: Chart on Middle East and Africa - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
Exhibits61: Data Table on Middle East and Africa - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
Exhibits62: Chart on US - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
Exhibits63: Data Table on US - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
Exhibits64: Chart on US - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
Exhibits65: Data Table on US - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
Exhibits66: Chart on China - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
Exhibits67: Data Table on China - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
Exhibits68: Chart on China - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
Exhibits69: Data Table on China - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
Exhibits70: Chart on Germany - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
Exhibits71: Data Table on Germany - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
Exhibits72: Chart on Germany - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
Exhibits73: Data Table on Germany - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
Exhibits74: Chart on UK - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
Exhibits75: Data Table on UK - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
Exhibits76: Chart on UK - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
Exhibits77: Data Table on UK - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
Exhibits78: Chart on United Arab Emirates - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
Exhibits79: Data Table on United Arab Emirates - Market size and forecast 2021-2026 ($ million)
Exhibits80: Chart on United Arab Emirates - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
Exhibits81: Data Table on United Arab Emirates - Year-over-year growth 2021-2026 (%)
Exhibits82: Market opportunity By Geographical Landscape ($ million)
Exhibits83: Impact of drivers and challenges in 2021 and 2026
Exhibits84: Overview on Criticality of inputs and Factors of differentiation
Exhibits85: Overview on factors of disruption
Exhibits86: Impact of key risks on business
Exhibits87: Vendors covered
Exhibits88: Matrix on vendor position and classification
Exhibits89: Berkshire Hathaway Inc. - Overview
Exhibits90: Berkshire Hathaway Inc. - Business segments
Exhibits91: Berkshire Hathaway Inc. - Key offerings
Exhibits92: Berkshire Hathaway Inc. - Segment focus
Exhibits93: Engineered Floors LLC - Overview
Exhibits94: Engineered Floors LLC - Product / Service
Exhibits95: Engineered Floors LLC - Key offerings
Exhibits96: Forbo Holding AG - Overview
Exhibits97: Forbo Holding AG - Business segments
Exhibits98: Forbo Holding AG - Key offerings
Exhibits99: Forbo Holding AG - Segment focus
Exhibits100: Interface Inc. - Overview
Exhibits101: Interface Inc. - Product / Service
Exhibits102: Interface Inc. - Key offerings
Exhibits103: Mannington Mills Inc. - Overview
Exhibits104: Mannington Mills Inc. - Product / Service
Exhibits105: Mannington Mills Inc. - Key offerings
Exhibits106: Milliken and Co. - Overview
Exhibits107: Milliken and Co. - Product / Service
Exhibits108: Milliken and Co. - Key news
Exhibits109: Milliken and Co. - Key offerings
Exhibits110: Mohawk Industries Inc. - Overview
Exhibits111: Mohawk Industries Inc. - Business segments
Exhibits112: Mohawk Industries Inc. - Key offerings
Exhibits113: Mohawk Industries Inc. - Segment focus
Exhibits114: Tarkett Group - Overview
Exhibits115: Tarkett Group - Business segments
Exhibits116: Tarkett Group - Key offerings
Exhibits117: Tarkett Group - Segment focus
Exhibits118: Toli Floor Corp. - Overview
Exhibits119: Toli Floor Corp. - Product / Service
Exhibits120: Toli Floor Corp. - Key offerings
Exhibits121: Victoria Plc - Overview
Exhibits122: Victoria Plc - Business segments
Exhibits123: Victoria Plc - Key offerings
Exhibits124: Victoria Plc - Segment focus
Exhibits125: Inclusions checklist
Exhibits126: Exclusions checklist
Exhibits127: Currency conversion rates for US$
Exhibits128: Research methodology
Exhibits129: Validation techniques employed for market sizing
Exhibits130: Information sources
Exhibits131: List of abbreviations