目次
この調査レポートは、グリーン電力証書(REC)の市場を調査し、法規制や政策要因、業界における主要問題、課題などについて、考察・分析しています。
Growth of the renewable energy sector is supported by various mechanisms that subsidize product development, and a key tool for the industry is the Renewable Energy Certificate (REC), which has emerged as a market-based subsidy to support the production of electricity sourced from renewables. The REC is the environmental attribute associated with the generation of 1 megawatt hour of green energy. It is considered to have value in the market because the generation of energy using wind, hydropower, solar, geothermal and biomass displace energy that would otherwise be sourced from fossil fuels. Two distinct markets exist for RECs. The voluntary market is made up of companies, institutions, organizations and individuals who purchase certificates to demonstrate environmental stewardship. The compliance market is mandated by state level policies called Renewable Portfolio Standards that require load serving entities to source a percentage of their electricity load from renewable energy sources.
A growing awareness of climate change and the numerous benefits of renewable energy have resulted in increased interest in renewable energy by policy makers, companies, organizations and individuals. As a result of the growing demand for renewable energy, market trends such as lower prices, increasingly aggressive Renewable Portfolio Standards and demand preferences for certain resources have emerged in the past five years. Even with the current economic recession, both markets continue to grow.
This Pike Research report analyzes supply and demand dynamics for the REC market, regulatory and policy factors, key industry issues and challenges, and the key players who are shaping this fast-growing category. Based on extensive primary research and in-depth examination of market trends, the report includes comprehensive market data and forecasts for the growth of RECs as renewable energy is adopted on a larger scale in the coming years.
Key questions addressed
- What is a Renewable Energy Certificate (REC)?
- How does the market for RECs function?
- Who purchases RECs and why?
- What are some of the issues and challenges of RECs?
- What will the REC market look like in five years?
Who needs this report?
- Companies interested in purchasing RECs in the voluntary market
- Environmental Brokers & Traders
- Renewable Energy Certificate Marketers
- Load Serving Entities / Utilities
- Energy Facility Developers
- Energy Facility Investors
- Tracking Registries
- Government and Policy Making Agencies and Individuals
- Investors
| Table of Contents | 詳細資料は、お問い合わせフォームから請求してください。 |
1. Executive Summary
1.1 Market Overview
1.2 Market Drivers
1.3 Key Stakeholders
1.4 Market Analysis
1.5 Regional Tracking Registries
1.6 Pricing of Renewable Energy Certificates
1.7 Market Forecasts
2. Market Overview
2.1 Renewable Energy
2.2 The Development of a Nascent Industry
2.2.1 Green Pricing Programs
2.2.2 Green Power Marketing
2.2.3 Renewable Energy Certificates
2.3 Market Drivers
2.3.1 Production Tax Credit
2.3.2 Investment Tax Credit
2.3.3 MACRS + Bonus Depreciation
2.3.4 Resource Carve-Outs
2.3.5 Increased Awareness of the Environment
3. Key Industry Players
3.1 Facility Developers and Owners
3.1.1 SunEdison
3.1.2 Renewable Energy Systems
3.2 Wholesale and Retail Shops
3.2.1 Bonneville Environmental Foundation
3.2.2 3Degrees Energy
3.2.3 Renewable Choice Energy
3.3 Brokers and Traders
3.3.1 GT Environmental Finance
3.3.2 Evolution Markets
3.4 Load-Serving Entities
4. Market Analysis
4.1 The REC Compliance Market and Renewable Portfolio Standards
4.2 The Voluntary REC Market
4.2.1 Green-e Certification and the Center for Resource Solutions
4.2.2 The Green Power Partnership
5. Regional Tracking Registries
5.1 Introduction to Tracking Systems
5.2 WREGIS
5.3 M-RETS
5.4 ERCOT
5.5 NARR
5.6 NEPOOL-GIS
5.7 PJM-GATS
5.8 MIRECS, NYSERDA, and North Carolina Renewable Tracking System
6. Pricing of Renewable Energy Certificates
6.1 Introduction to REC Pricing
6.2 Pricing in the Compliance Market
6.3 REC Pricing in the Voluntary Market
7. International REC Markets
7.1 Australia
7.2 Canada
7.3 Europe
8. REC Market Issues and Challenges
9. Market Forecasts
9.1 Introduction to Market Forecasts
9.2 Voluntary Market Forecast
9.2.1 Stagnant Economy Scenario
9.2.2 GDP Growth Scenario
9.3 Compliance Market Forecast
9.3.1 Washington Turns Green Scenario
9.3.2 Stalemate in Washington Scenario
10. Company Directory
10.1 Consumer Protection/Tracking
10.2 Brokers
10.3 Retail, Wholesale/Commercial
10.4 Information Sources
11. Acronym and Abbreviation List
12. Table of Contents
13. Table of Figures
14. Scope of Study, Sources and Methodology, Notes
List of Charts and Figures
- United States Energy Supply by Resource
- Annual Renewable Energy Production and Consumption: 2001-2008
- States Adopting Renewable Portfolio Standards, United States: 1983-2009
- Number of New Green Power Partnerships by Year: 2005-2009
- Sample Renewable Energy Certificate Prices: 2009
- Renewable Energy Resource Abundance Maps
- REC and Electricity Pathway Split
- Market Drivers of Renewable Energy Certificates
- Map of State Renewable Portfolio Standard Requirements and Voluntary Goals
- Green-e Logo
- Map of Regional REC Tracking Registries
- Solar Renewable Energy Certificate Markets and Trade Eligibility
List of Tables
- Levelized Cost of Energy
- Renewable Energy Certificate Market Size, United States: 2004 and 2010
- REC Retailers and Products
- State Renewable Portfolio Standard Requirements
- Estimated Annual REC Sales (Millions of kWh): 2005-2008
- Minimum Green-e Commitment Requirement for General Usage Claims
- Green Power Partnership Membership Requirements
- Top 20 Green Power Partners
- Tracking Registry Account Holders
- Comparisons of Existing APX Environmental Technology Deployments
- State Geographic Eligibility for Renewable Energy Certificate Trading
- State Renewable Portfolio Standards Alternative Compliance Payment
- Canada’s Renewable Energy Target Initiatives
- Renewable Energy Certificate Compliance Market Forecast, United States: 2011-2015
グリーン電力証書市場は2015年に3倍規模に
2010年4月20日
再生可能エネルギーによって得られた電力の環境付加価値の、取引可能な証書またはそれを用いる制度であるグリーン電力証書(REC:Renewable Energy Certificates)は、米国での再生可能エネルギーの成長を支える大規模な財政出動と法制化によって、近年急速に成長した。RECは、グリーン電力1MWh(メガワット/時間)の発電に対する環境的な指標であるが、それは、風力発電、太陽光発電、水力発電、地熱発電、バイオマス発電などの新しいエネルギーが化石燃料にとってかわるために、市場に有効であると考えられている。RECには、州レベルのRenewable Portfolio Standards(RPS制度、電気事業者による新エネルギー等の利用に関する特別措置法)による規制の市場と、企業などが環境に対する取り組みを表明するために証書を購入する自発的な市場の二つがある。
米国の環境エネルギーなどの地球環境保護に関するクリーン技術関連市場の専門調査会社パイクリサーチ社の調査レポート「グリーン電力証書市場の分析と予測:需要と供給動向、政策要因、問題点と課題、主要関連企業 - Renewable Energy Certificates: Supply and Demand Dynamics, Policy Factors, Industry Issues and Challenges, and Key Players: Market Analysis and Forecasts」は、REC市場は今後数年間成長が見込まれ、RECの取引額は、2015年には規制によるものだけで少なくとも50％以上成長し、1億7900万MWhに達するだろうと報告している。米国連邦レベルのRenewable Portfolio Standardも含めたシナリオでは、REC市場は2015年に3倍規模の3億2900万MWhに達するだろうと、パイクリサーチ社は予測している。
「REC市場は、世界的な不況の真っ只中でも力強く成長を続けてきた。REC市場は、米国連邦政府が再生可能エネルギーによる発電の、政府が決定した目標に向かうルールの変更さえなければ、規制と自発的の両方の市場で、順調に成長し続けるだろう」と常務のClint Wheelock氏は語る。
この調査レポートは、REC市場の需給の動向、規制と政策、主要な産業的要件と課題、主要企業を分析している。広範な主要な調査と市場トレンドの深い洞察に基づき、再生可能エネルギーのRECの成長に関するわかりやすい市場データと今後の市場に関する幅広い予測を行っている。
(原文)
Renewable Energy Certificates Market Could Nearly Triple in Size by 2015
April 20, 2010
The Renewable Energy Certificate (REC) has rapidly emerged in recent years as a significant financial and regulatory instrument to support the growth of renewable energy in the United States. The REC, which is the environmental attribute associated with the generation of 1 megawatt hour (MWh) of green energy, is considered to have value in the market because the generation of energy from wind, solar, hydropower, geothermal and biomass displace energy that would otherwise be sourced from fossil fuels. Two distinct markets exist for RECs: the compliance market, mandated by state-level Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS), and the voluntary market, which includes companies and institutions who purchase certificates to demonstrate environmental commitment.
According to a new report from Pike Research, the REC market is poised for continued growth in the coming years, and the cleantech market intelligence firm forecasts in a base-case scenario that REC sales in the compliance market alone will increase more than 50% by 2015, reaching 179 million MWh. In a forecast scenario that includes passage of a Renewable Portfolio Standard at the U.S. federal level, Pike Research anticipates that the REC market could nearly triple in size to 329 million MWh by 2015.
“The REC market has continued to show strong growth even in the midst of a recession,” says managing director Clint Wheelock. “Our analysis indicates that both the compliance and voluntary REC markets will continue healthy growth rates no matter what happens, but the real game-changer would be federally-mandated targets for power generation from renewable energy sources.”
Pike Research‘s study, “Renewable Energy Certificates”, analyzes supply and demand dynamics for the REC market, regulatory and policy factors, key industry issues and challenges, and the key players who are shaping this fast-growing category. Based on extensive primary research and in-depth examination of market trends, the report includes comprehensive market data and forecasts for the growth of RECs as renewable energy is adopted on a larger scale in the coming years.
