世界各国のリアルタイムなデータ・インテリジェンスで皆様をお手伝い

サマリー

この調査レポートは、世界の洋上風力発電市場を調査し、今後の課題や将来性などについて、詳細に分析しています。今後の市場の方向性に影響を与える 技術革新に関する調査結果や主要関連企業の詳細な情報とSWOT分析を掲載しています。2017年までの予測データには、エネルギー容量や設置費用、生産 収益などの地域毎のデータも含まれています。

主な掲載内容 (目次から抜粋)

• 市場動向
• 技術動向
  • 風力発電の電力変換における基本原則
  • 風力タービン構成部品の概説
  • 近年の風力タービンの構成部品の故障
  • 風力タービンのアーキテクチャ
• 主要関連企業
  • 風力タービンメーカ
  • プロジェクト開発会社
  • 公益事業
  • 送電イノベータ
  • 物流の先駆者
  • カーボントラスト (Carbon Trust)による洋上風力促進のケーススタディ
• 市場予測

Given the commercial success of the global wind power industry in tapping resources on land, why move offshore, where the deployment challenges are so much greater? Many of the best land-based wind resource sites located close to urban centers of demand have already been developed, with remaining sites facing higher costs due to less attractive wind resource regimes and long distance transmission costs. Furthermore, the world’s best wind resources are largely untapped since they are located offshore, typically in shallow waters close to urban population centers.

Europe has been operating wind turbines offshore for close to a decade. The United Kingdom is the current market leader in Europe, with Germany also coming on quite strong. However, Pike Research forecasts that China’s offshore wind market will pull even with Europe’s two largest players by the end of the forecast period, with the United States trailing behind. Key factors shaping offshore wind markets over the coming years include a move toward larger wind turbines, new innovations for less expensive operations and maintenance, a focus on high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission lines, and the need to secure new sources of financing.

This Pike Research report provides an in-depth analysis of global opportunities in the offshore wind power market, as well as an examination of key challenges facing the industry. It examines technology innovations that will influence the future direction of the market, and also features detailed profiles of key industry players, including a SWOT analysis for each. Market forecasts extend through 2017 and include projections for installed capacity, installation costs, and production revenue, segmented by region and country.

Key questions addressed:

• Which countries will lead in offshore wind development over the next six years – and why?
• What key barriers and opportunities will shape the U.S. market?
• Which wind turbine manufacturers will lead the offshore wind market?
• How much capital will be invested in supporting infrastructure by 2017?
• Which countries (and U.S. states) offer the best policy support for offshore wind?
• What sorts of innovation will be required in foundations, vessels, and ports in order to accommodate expected market growth?

Who needs this report?

• Wind turbine and component manufacturers
• Grid infrastructure companies
• Maritime industries
• Industry associations
• Government agencies
• Investor community

目次

Table of Contents

詳細資料は、お問い合わせフォームから請求してください。

1. Executive Summary

1.1 The Offshore Wind Power Opportunity
1.2 Offshore Wind Power Market Forecast

2. Market Issues

2.1 Wind Power Fundamentals
2.2 Why Move Offshore?
2.2.1 Superior Untapped Offshore Wind Resources
2.2.2 Best Terrestrial Sites Taken in Mature Markets
2.2.3 Better Power Production Capacity Factors
2.2.4 Potential Synergy with Hydrokinetic Power Generation
2.2.5 Best Bet for Green Jobs?
2.2.6 The Business Case for Offshore Wind: SWOT Analysis
2.3 A Brief History Lesson: Tracing the Evolution of Wind Power
2.3.1 Early U.S. Development Efforts
2.3.2 The Energy Crisis of the 1970s: California Boom Years
2.3.3 Denmark, Germany, and Spain: The European Takeover
2.3.4 The Re-Emergence of U.S. Market: GE and Texas
2.3.5 China: The New Global Leader on Wind Energy
2.4 Current Market Opportunities
2.4.1 Carbon Emissions Reduction Strategies
2.4.2 Diverse Supply Portfolios to Limit Future Fuel Risks
2.4.3 NIMBY Backlash in Key Onshore Markets
2.4.4 Regional Efforts to Tap into Green Economy
2.5 Industry Growth Drivers
2.5.1 Legislative Support
2.5.2 Regulatory Support
2.5.3 Clean Energy Incentives
2.5.4 Specific Subsidies
2.5.5 Materials Science Advances
2.5.6 Economies of Scale
2.5.7 Economics Overview
2.5.7.1 Cost of Conventional Energy Source Trends
2.5.7.1.1. United States
2.5.7.1.2. Europe
2.5.7.1.3. Asia Pacific and Rest of the World
2.5.7.2 Cost of Competing Clean Energy Technologies
2.5.7.3 Net Cost of Onshore Wind Power
2.5.7.4 Net Cost of Offshore Wind Power
2.5.8 Implementation Issues
2.5.8.1 AC and HVDC Transmission Systems
2.5.8.2 Logistics: Vessels and Cranes
2.5.8.3 Ports
2.5.8.4 Siting Concerns
2.5.8.5 Financing Trends

3. Technology Issues

3.1 Basic Principles of Wind Power Conversion to Electricity
3.2 Wind Turbine Component Overview
3.2.1 Rotors and Blades
3.2.2 Gearboxes and Generators
3.2.3 Towers
3.2.4 Grid-Friendly Controls and Intelligence
3.3 Recent History of Wind Turbine Component Failures
3.4 Wind Turbine Architectures
3.4.1 Three-Bladed Horizontal Axis Upwind Variable Speed Rotor
3.4.1.1 Commercialization Time Horizon
3.4.1.2 Cost
3.4.1.3 Efficiency
3.4.1.4 Reliability
3.4.1.5 Scalability
3.4.1.6 Availability
3.4.2 Two-Bladed Horizontal Axis (Downwind and Upwind)
3.4.2.1 Commercial Time Horizon
3.4.2.2 Cost
3.4.2.3 Efficiency
3.4.2.4 Reliability
3.4.2.5 Scalability
3.4.2.6 Availability
3.4.3 Vertical Axis
3.4.3.1 Commercial Time Horizon
3.4.3.2 Cost
3.4.3.3 Efficiency
3.4.3.4 Reliability
3.4.3.5 Scalability
3.4.3.6 Availability

4. Key Industry Players

4.1 Wind Turbine Manufacturers
4.1.1 Areva Renewable, Inc.
4.1.2 Clipper Windpower
4.1.3 General Electric
4.1.4 Goldwind Science & Technology Co., Ltd.
4.1.5 REpower
4.1.6 Siemens AG
4.1.7 Vestas
4.2 Project Developers
4.2.1 Fishermen’s Energy
4.2.2 Mainstream Renewable Power
4.2.3 NRG Bluewater Wind LLC
4.3 Utilities
4.3.1 National Grid
4.3.2 Vattenfall
4.4 Transmission Innovators
4.4.1 ABB
4.4.2 Google
4.5 Logistics Pioneers
4.5.1 Statoil
4.6 Carbon Trust “Offshore Wind Accelerator” Case Study
4.6.1 Gifford/BMT/Freyssinet Gravity Concrete Structure
4.6.2 Keystone Bucket
4.6.3 MBD Suction Bucket Monopile
4.6.4 SPT Offshore & Wood Group Tribucket

5. Market Forecasts

5.1 Global Renewable Energy Generation Trends
5.2 Offshore Wind Power Forecast Methodology Overview
5.2.1 Future Capacity Forecasts
5.2.1.1 Base Scenario
5.2.1.2 Dire Scenario
5.2.1.3 Aggressive Scenario
5.2.2 Installation Cost and Power Production Revenue Forecasts
5.3 Regional Offshore Wind Power Market Forecasts
5.3.1 North America
5.3.1.1 United States
5.3.1.1.1. Delaware
5.3.1.1.2. Maine
5.3.1.1.3. Maryland
5.3.1.1.4. Massachusetts
5.3.1.1.5. New Jersey
5.3.1.1.6. New York
5.3.1.1.7. North Carolina
5.3.1.1.8. Ohio
5.3.1.1.9. Rhode Island
5.3.1.1.10. Texas
5.3.1.1.11. Virginia
5.3.1.1.12. U.S. Case Study: Cape Wind
5.3.1.2 Canada
5.3.1.3 Mexico
5.3.2 Europe
5.3.2.1 Belgium
5.3.2.2 Denmark
5.3.2.3 Finland
5.3.2.4 France
5.3.2.5 Germany
5.3.2.6 Ireland
5.3.2.7 Italy
5.3.2.8 The Netherlands
5.3.2.9 Norway
5.3.2.10 Spain
5.3.2.11 Sweden
5.3.2.12 United Kingdom
5.3.2.12.1. European Case Study: North Sea Supergrid
5.3.3 Asia Pacific
5.3.3.1 China
5.3.3.1.1. Chinese Case Study: Donghai Bridge Wind Farm
5.3.3.2 India
5.3.3.3 Japan
5.3.3.4 Korea
5.3.4 Rest of the World
5.3.4.1 Latin America
5.3.4.1.1. Brazil

6. Company Directory
7. Acronym and Abbreviation List
8. Table of Contents
9. Table of Charts and Figures
10. Scope of Study, Sources and Methodology, Notes

List of Charts and Figures

• Offshore Wind Installed Capacity, Base Scenario, World Markets:  2011-2017
• Offshore Wind Production Revenue, Base Scenario, World Markets:  2011-2017
• Cumulative Wind Power Generation Capacity, Base Scenario, World Markets:  2006-2015
• Offshore Wind Installed Capacity, Base Scenario, World Markets:  2011-2017
• Offshore Wind Power Production Revenue, Base Scenario, World Markets:   2011-2017
• Evolution of Wind Technology Prototype Designs in the United States
• Global Offshore Wind Projects Developed Between 1991 and 2010
• U.S. Offshore Wind Resources at 90 Meters Height
• Map of North Sea and Europe’s Offshore Wind Resources
• Global Wave Power Assessment Map
• Smith-Putnam 1.25 MW Two-Bladed Downwind Rotor Wind Turbine
• Modern Upwind and Vintage Downwind Wind Turbines in Solano County, California
• Ranking Europe’s Top Offshore Wind Markets
• Summary of European Government Support Mechanisms
• Cost Rational for Offshore Wind
• NREL Ranking of Power Generation Costs
• Comparisons of Line Losses between AC and DC Transmission Cables
• ABB Installs First HVDC Offshore Wind System in Germany
• Offshore Wind “Supernode” Transmission Topology
• Kati Offshore Wind Turbine Installer Vessel
• Turbine Cost Proportions per Component (Three-Bladed Wind Turbine)
• Envisioned Evolution of Tower Technologies
• U.S. Marine Renewable Energy Inventory
• Bathtub Curve of Component Failures
• O&M Cost Declines for Offshore Wind in Europe
• U.S. (Blue) versus Europe (Pink) Maintenance Cost Trends
• Three-Bladed 5 MW Upwind Wind Turbines in the North Sea
• Cost per MW of Offshore Wind in Europe
• Downwind 275 kW Two-Bladed Vergnet Downwind Wind Turbine
• Nordic Windpower 1 MW Upwind Two-Bladed Wind Turbine
• FloWind’s Vertical Axis Wind Turbine in California
• AREVA’s M5000 Wind Turbine
• Britannia C150 Turbine: 100-Meter Tower and 150-Meter Rotor
• Goldwind 1.5 MW Turbines Operating in China
• REpower 6 MW Wind Turbine
• Siemens SWT 3 MW, 101-Meter Rotor Wind Turbine
• 112 3.0 MW Vestas Wind Turbine
• Scale of 2-B Energy’s Two-Bladed Downwind Wind Turbine
• Envisioned HVDC System with Offshore Wind, Solar, and Hydro in Europe
• Google’s Phase 1 “Atlantic Wind Connection”
• Three Floating Platform Concepts
• Offshore Wind Needed to Meet the United Kingdom’s 40% by 2020 Renewables
• Gifford/BMT/Freyssinet Gravity Concrete Structure
• Keystone Bucket
• MBD Suction Bucket Monopile
• Self-Installing Wind Turbine Tribucket
• Forecasted Energy Use by Fuel Type Through 2035
• EIA Forecasts of Net Electricity Generation Fuels by 2035
• Wholesale Power Costs Trends per DOE R&D Roadmap
• DOE 20% U.S. Electricity Supply Goals by 2030
• Four U.S. Priority Offshore Wind Resource Regions
• NREL Estimates of Atlantic Coast Offshore Wind Potential
• Atlantic States’ Retail Costs and Populations/Offshore Wind Costs in 2030
• European Offshore Wind Projects in MW as of June 2010
• U.K. Round 3 Offshore Wind Projects
• Europe’s Proposed Supergrid in the North Sea (Phase 1)
• China’s Offshore Wind Resources on the East Coast
• China’s Offshore Wind Pipeline as of 2009
• 3 MW Sinovel Wind Turbines Operating in the East China Sea
• Japan’s Offshore Wind Resources on Northeast Coastline
• Offshore Wind Resources for South Korea

List of Tables

 

洋上風力発電の発電量は今後6年間に急拡大

2011年4月29日
世界の風力発電への投資の拡大が継続し、電力供給における風力発電の割合が拡大するに伴って、風力発電の発電量をさらに増大する手段としての洋上風力発電ファームが、開発業者、製造業者、政府、投資家などの注目を集めつつある。米国の環境エネルギーなどの地球環境保護に関するクリーン技術関連市場の専門調査会社パイクリサーチ社の調査レポート「洋上風力発電の市場調査:市場将来性と課題、技術動向、主要関連企業、世界の発電能力、収益予測 - Offshore Wind Power: Market Opportunities and Challenges, Technology Issues, Key Industry Players, and Global Capacity and Production Revenue Forecasts」は、いくつかの課題はあるものの、洋上風力発電の発電量は今後数年間増加し、2011-2017年に4.1ギガワットから70.1ギガワットと約17倍に増加するだろうと予測している。

「世界の風力発電の発電源の大規模なものは主に洋上にある。潜在力の高いこれらの地域は、人口の多い都市の中心部に近い海の浅瀬にある。米国の五大湖やカナダ中西部などの淡水の水上風力発電への注目も高まっている」とパイクリサーチ社のシニアアナリストPeter Asmus氏は語る。

Asmus氏は、欧州ではすでに過去10年近く、風力タービンを稼働してきたと指摘している。デンマークは、発電量に風力発電が占める割合がすでに25％を上回り、市場開拓者である。しかし、現在の欧州市場を主導しているのは英国である。ドイツも、海岸線が北海に限定されているにもかかわらず、洋上風力発電への投資を積極的に行っている。しかし、洋上風力発電への投資の動向は、欧州に留まらない。実際、この調査レポートによれば、中国の洋上風力発電市場が、欧州市場とともに2017年までの市場を牽引するだろう。

しかし、パイクリサーチ社の分析によれば、洋上風力発電にはいくつかの大きな市場課題があり、その最たるものはコストである。洋上風力発電は、地上の風力発電よりもコストが高く、2-3倍のかかる場合もある。よりよいコスト効率を達成するために、風力産業は、5-10メガワットのより大きなタービンの採用と、より大きなファームの構築を模索している。Asmus氏は、洋上風力発電産業に長期的に求められるのは、エネルギーコストを現在の半分以下にして、2030年にキロワット/時に10セントに近づけることであるとしている。市場に参加する企業も、ベッセル、基礎、出力装置の最適化などの革新によって、導入コストの削減、インフラのサポート、継続的な運用、メンテナンスに注力している。

この調査レポートは、世界の洋上風力発電市場の市場機会を分析し、市場が直面する主な市場課題を精査している。市場の今後の方向性に影響を与える技術革新や、主要な企業の詳細なプロフィールをそれぞれのSWOT分析とともに記載している。2017年までの発電総量、導入コスト、収益を、地域と国毎に予測している。

[プレスリリース原文]
Offshore Wind Power Capacity to Boom in the Next Six Years

April 29, 2011

As global investment in wind turbines continues to increase and a greater percentage of the world’s electricity supply comes from wind energy resources, developers, manufacturers, governments, and investors are now turning their attention to offshore wind farms as a means of further expanding wind power capacity.  Despite key challenges facing the industry, a new report from Pike Research forecasts that investment in offshore wind power will surge in the next several years and as a result, total installed power generation capacity will increase by a factor of seventeen between 2011 and 2017, rising from just 4.1 gigawatts (GW) of installed capacity to 70.1 GW by the end of the forecast period.

“Some of the world’s best wind resources are located offshore,” says senior analyst Peter Asmus.  “Often, these high-potential areas are in shallow ocean waters relatively close to urban population centers.  Interest in freshwater offshore wind is also picking up, especially in the Great Lakes in the United States and Canadian Midwest.”

Asmus adds that Europe has been operating wind turbines offshore for close to a decade.  Denmark, which already obtains more than 25% of its total electricity from wind power, is a key pioneer.  Nevertheless, the United Kingdom is the current market leader in Europe.  Meanwhile, Germany – despite its limited coast on the North Sea – is also investing heavily in offshore wind.  The long-term offshore wind movement, however, is not limited to Europe.  In fact, Pike Research’s market forecast shows that China’s offshore wind market will pull even with Europe’s largest national leaders by 2017.

But Pike Research’s analysis indicates that the offshore wind market is not without significant challenges, the most notable of which is cost.  The cost of offshore wind generation is higher than for onshore wind, in some cases two to three times higher.  This factor is driving the industry to deploy larger wind turbines of up to 5-10 megawatts (MW) in size in larger wind farms in order to achieve the best economies of scale.  Asmus says that the long-term fate of the offshore wind power industry may ultimately hinge on driving down the cost of energy (COE) closer to 10 cents per kilowatt-hour (kWh) by 2030, less than half of the current COE.  Industry players are also focused on reducing the cost of installation, supporting infrastructure, and ongoing operations and maintenance through innovations related to vessels, foundations, and the optimization of port facilities.

Pike Research’s report, “Offshore Wind Power”, provides an in-depth analysis of global opportunities in the offshore wind power market, as well as an examination of key challenges facing the industry.  It examines technology innovations that will influence the future direction of the market, and also features detailed profiles of key industry players, including a SWOT analysis for each.  Market forecasts extend through 2017 and include projections for installed capacity, installation costs, and production revenue, segmented by region and country.