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目次

この調査レポートは、業務用(商用/産業/戸外据え置き)のLEDやその他の省エネルギー・高効率の照明市場を調査し、市場や技術動向分析、主要関連企業、市場予測などを提供しています。

Lighting currently represents about 17.5% of all global electricity consumption. The U.S. alone accounts for approximately 20% of this amount at an annual cost of over $40 billion. As energy efficiency becomes increasingly important for controlling costs, improving energy independence, and reducing environmental impacts, governments and organizations have looked to lighting as the “low hanging fruit” of energy efficiency.

Wider use of energy efficient lighting technologies already available today would lead to huge energy savings. A range of government incentives and other programs currently exist to encourage lighting retrofits in existing facilities as well as to lead developers to install efficient lighting in new projects. In addition, government and industry are investing significant resources into the development of even more efficient and better performing lighting technologies.

This Pike Research report describes the key technology and market trends that are driving the use of LED and other high-efficiency lighting in the Commercial, Industrial and Outdoor Stationary sectors. The report analyzes the performance requirements for a number of lighting applications and assesses the suitability of various current and future lighting technologies for these applications. It also includes a 10-year forecast for lamp and luminaire sales in the U.S. across 10 different lighting technology categories in seven major building types and application sectors. In addition, the report includes SWOT analyses of 16 key industry players.

Key questions addressed:

• What is the size of the U.S. commercial lamp and luminaire market through 2020?
• Which lighting technologies will see sales growth or declines over that period?
• Which building types and lighting applications will be the most significant targets for various lighting technologies?
• What are the market trends driving the adoption of energy efficiency in general, and energy efficient lighting in particular, in commercial markets?
• What are the lighting requirements of applications that determine the suitability of a lighting technology?
• What factors are currently influencing the adoption of LED lighting and how will this progress over time?
• What are some of the key market players, including governments, doing to influence the development and adoption of more efficient lighting technologies?

Who needs this report?

• Lighting equipment manufacturers
• LED manufacturers and other suppliers to the lighting industry
• Commercial and industrial building owners and managers
• Architecture and design firms
• Energy efficiency and sustainability consultants
• Electric utilities
• Energy efficiency program administrators
• Energy service companies (ESCOs)
• Energy regulators and policy makers
• Standards development organizations
• Investor community

Table of Contents

詳細資料は、お問い合わせフォームから請求してください。

1. Executive Summary

1.1 Global Energy Use for Lighting
1.2 Lighting in the United States
1.3 Overview of Lighting Technology Trends
1.3.1 Incandescent
1.3.2 Fluorescent
1.3.3 High Intensity Discharge
1.3.4 Solid-State Lighting
1.3.5 Lighting Controls and Daylighting
1.4 Lighting Market Forecast
1.4.1 Lamp Market Forecast
1.4.2 Luminaire Market Forecast

2. Market Issues

2.1 Scope of This Report
2.1.1 Geographic Scope
2.1.2 Market Scope
2.2 Definitions
2.2.1 Efficiency vs. Efficacy
2.2.2 Color Temperature
2.2.3 Color Rendering Index
2.2.4 Lamp Size Terminology
2.3 Introduction to Energy Efficiency
2.3.1 Importance of Energy Efficiency
2.3.1.1 Price and Supply Concerns
2.3.1.2 Early Adopters of Energy Efficiency
2.3.1.3 Cost of Carbon
2.3.1.4 Energy Efficiency as an Alternative to Generating Capacity
2.3.2 Energy Efficiency Drivers
2.3.2.1 Government Regulation
2.3.2.2 Building Codes
2.3.2.3 Government Funding
2.3.2.4 Ratepayer Programs
2.3.2.5 Sustainability and Green Certifications
2.3.2.6 Demand for Lighting Products
2.4 Energy Use in Commercial Buildings
2.4.1 Energy Use by Commercial Subsegments
2.5 Building Categories and Lighting Applications
2.5.1 Office/Professional
2.5.1.1 Office
2.5.1.2 Healthcare Outpatient
2.5.2 Warehouse
2.5.3 Institutional
2.5.3.1 Education
2.5.3.2 Public Order and Safety
2.5.3.3 Public Assembly
2.5.3.4 Healthcare Inpatient
2.5.3.5 Religious Worship
2.5.3.6 Lodging
2.5.4 Retail
2.5.4.1 Retail Mall
2.5.4.2 Retail not Mall
2.5.4.3 Food Sales
2.5.5 Other Commercial
2.5.5.1 Service
2.5.5.2 Food Service
2.5.6 Industrial
2.5.7 Outdoor Stationary
2.5.7.1 Street Lighting
2.5.7.2 Parking
2.5.7.3 Controls for Street and Parking Lighting
2.5.7.4 Traffic Lights
2.5.7.5 Other Outdoor Stationary
2.6 Market Drivers
2.6.1 Renovation and New Construction Activity
2.6.2 Retrofit Activity
2.6.2.1 Barriers to Energy Efficiency
2.6.3 Cost Savings
2.6.4 Regulation and Incentives in the United States
2.6.4.1 Federal Regulations
2.6.4.2 Building Codes and State Level Regulation
2.6.4.3 Government Funding
2.6.4.4 Rate-Payer and Utility Funded Programs
2.6.5 Sustainability and Green Building Certification
2.6.5.1 Energy Star
2.6.5.2 Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED)
2.6.6 Regulation in Western Europe
2.6.6.1 Buildings
2.6.6.2 Lighting Technical Performance Standards
2.6.6.2.1 Standard EN 12464-1: Lighting Indoor Workplaces
2.6.6.2.2 Standard EN 13201: For Outdoor Applications
2.6.6.3 Product Labeling and Design
2.6.6.4 Ballasts
2.6.6.5 Hazardous Substances
2.6.6.6 Energy Services
2.6.7 Regulation in Other Regions of the World
2.7 The Lighting Industry
2.7.1 Lamp Manufacturers
2.7.2 Luminaire Manufacturers
2.7.3 Ballast Manufacturers
2.7.4 Control System Suppliers
2.7.5 Designers and Installers
2.7.5.1 Architects
2.7.5.2 Energy and Lighting Engineers
2.7.5.3 Lighting Designers
2.7.5.4 Contractors
2.7.6 LEDs ? Changing the Structure of the Market
2.7.6.1 Many, Many New Players
2.7.6.2 New Approaches

3. Technology Issues

3.1 Qualities of a Light Source
3.1.1 Color
3.2 Technology Trends
3.3 Lighting Technologies
3.3.1 Incandescent Lamps
3.3.1.1 Traditional
3.3.1.2 Halogen
3.3.1.3 The Future of Incandescent Lamps
3.3.2 Ballasts
3.3.3 Fluorescent Technology
3.3.3.1 Early Fluorescent Lamps
3.3.3.2 Higher-Efficiency Fluorescent Lamps ? T8 and T5
3.3.3.3 Expanding Use of T8 and T5 Lamps
3.3.3.4 2012 Standards for General Service Fluorescent Lamps
3.3.3.5 Compact Fluorescent Lamps
3.3.3.6 Important Characteristics
3.3.4 High Intensity Discharge
3.3.4.1 Mercury Vapor
3.3.4.2 High Pressure Sodium
3.3.4.3 Low Pressure Sodium
3.3.4.4 Metal Halide
3.3.4.5 Advanced HID
3.3.5 Induction Lighting
3.3.6 LED Lighting
3.3.6.1 History of LED Lighting
3.3.6.2 Benefits of LED Lighting
3.3.6.3 LED Progress
3.3.6.4 Performance Projections: Lumens per Watt
3.3.6.5 Turning LED Packages into Products
3.3.6.5.1 Heat Management and Junction Temperature
3.3.6.5.2 Component Life
3.3.6.5.3 Color Consistency
3.3.6.5.4 Illumination Pattern
3.3.6.6 Product Life and Lumen Depreciation
3.3.6.7 Standards
3.3.6.8 Technical and Market Barriers for LEDs
3.3.6.9 LEDs and the Smart Grid
3.3.7 Organic Light Emitting Diode
3.3.7.1 OLED Performance
3.3.7.2 OLED Lighting Products
3.3.8 Government Support of SSL
3.3.8.1 Research and Development Funding
3.3.8.2 CALiPER
3.3.8.2.1 CALiPER Round 7 (January 2009)
3.3.8.2.2 CALiPER Round 8 (April 2009)
3.3.8.2.3 CALiPER Round 9 (October 2009)
3.3.8.2.4 CALiPER Summary
3.3.8.3 GATEWAY Program
3.3.8.4 Energy Star for SSL
3.3.8.5 L Prize and Other Competitions
3.3.8.6 Lighting Facts Label
3.3.9 Induction Plasma
3.3.10 Lighting Controls
3.3.10.1 Types of Lighting Control
3.3.10.2 Lighting Control Applications
3.3.10.3 Lighting Control in Building Codes
3.3.10.4 Control Standard ? BACnet
3.3.10.5 Control Standard ? DALI
3.3.10.6 Control Standard ? LonWorks
3.3.10.7 Daylighting and Advanced Daylighting Controls
3.3.10.8 Hybrid Solar Lighting
3.3.10.9 Wireless Lighting Control
3.3.10.10 Controls and LEED
3.3.10.11 Controls and Future Lighting Standards
3.3.11 Future Lighting Technologies
3.3.11.1 Scotopic Lighting
3.3.11.2 Cold Cathode Compact Fluorescent Lamps
3.3.11.3 Electron Stimulated Luminescence
3.3.11.4 Sulfur Plasma
3.3.11.5 Tungsten Photonic Lattice
3.3.12 Updating “The Bible of Lighting”
3.4 Lifecycle Costs
3.4.1 Overview
3.4.2 Initial Costs
3.4.3 Ongoing Costs
3.4.3.1 Energy Costs
3.4.3.2 Product Life and Maintenance Costs
3.4.3.3 LED Cost of Ownership
3.4.3.4 Reduced HVAC Costs
3.5 LED Lighting: Ready for Market (?)

4. Market Forecasts

4.1 Introduction
4.2 Forecast Methodology ? The Starting Point
4.2.1 Floor Space by Building Type
4.2.2 Application Areas by Building Type
4.2.3 Operating Hours by Application Area
4.2.4 Technology by Application Area
4.2.5 Distribution of Lamps in Each Building Sector
4.3 Forecast Methodology
4.3.1 Lamp Replacement
4.3.2 Changes to Building Square Footage over Time
4.3.2.1 New Construction and Building Retirement Rates
4.3.2.2 Retrofit Rates
4.3.3 Construction and Retrofit Lamp Quantities
4.3.3.1 SSL Penetration Rates
4.3.3.2 Adjustments to Lamp Inventory
4.3.4 Pricing
4.3.4.1 Mature Lighting Technology Prices
4.3.4.2 SSL Pricing
4.3.4.3 Total Market Values
4.4 Demand by Market Sector
4.4.1 Office/Professional Category
4.4.2 Warehouse Category
4.4.3 Institutional Category
4.4.4 Retail Category
4.4.5 Other Commercial Category
4.4.6 Industrial Sector
4.4.7 Outdoor Stationary Sector

5. Key Industry Players

5.1 Introduction
5.1.1 Acuity Brands
5.1.2 Cooper Lighting
5.1.3 Cree
5.1.4 CRS Electronics
5.1.5 GE Lighting
5.1.6 Hubbell Lighting
5.1.7 Juno Lighting
5.1.8 Leviton
5.1.9 Lightolier
5.1.10 Lithonia Lighting
5.1.11 Lutron
5.1.12 Nichia
5.1.13 OSRAM
5.1.14 Philips Lighting
5.1.15 Ruud Lighting (BetaLED, KramerLED)
5.1.16 Zumtobel Group
5.2 Research Organizations
5.3 Industry Associations ? Lighting and Energy Efficiency
5.4 Government ? Regulators and Programs
5.4.1 U.S. Department of Energy
5.4.2 European Union
5.4.3 Other Regions
5.5 Lighting Competitions
5.6 Other Industry Information Sources

6. Company Directory
7. Acronym and Abbreviation List
8. Table of Contents
9. Table of Figures
10. Scope of Study, Sources and Methodology, Notes, Appendix A

List of Charts and Figures

• Total Primary Energy Consumption for Lighting by Sector, United States: 2001
• Energy Use for Lighting Disaggregated by Sector, United States: 2001
• United States Lamp Market Forecast by Technology for All Sectors: 2010-2020
• United States Luminaire Market Forecast by Technology for All Sectors: 2010-2020
• Comparisons of Light Source Efficacy over Time
• Electricity Prices, World Markets: 1999-2007
• Levelized Cost of Energy
• Breakdown of Lighting Requirements in Commercial Buildings
• Energy Usage in Commercial Buildings, United States: 2008
• Value of Commercial Lighting Retrofits
• Commercial Buildings by Use Type, United States: 2008
• Energy Usage by Commercial Building Activity, United States: 2008
• Commercial Categories and Industrial Sector Floor Space, United States: 2009
• NEMA Lighting Systems Index, Fourth Quarter 2009
• The LEED Rating System
• European Lamp Manufacture, Import, Export, and Consumption
• Haitz’s Law
• Congressional Appropriation for SSL R&D Portfolio: 2003-2009
• SSL Quality Advocates Lighting Facts Label
• Estimated Commercial and Industrial Building Space and Lighting Status, U.S.: 2009
• Annual New Construction Rates by Building Type Category: 2010-2020
• Annual Retirement Rates by Building Type Category: 2010-2020
• Annual Retrofit Rates of New Buildings by Building Type Category: 2010-2020
• Annual Retrofit Rates of Old Buildings by Building Type Category: 2010-2020
• SSL Share of New Construction and Retrofit Activity by Bldg. Type Category: 2010-2020
• LED Luminaire (Integrated Product) Manufacturing Costs: 2009-2015
• LED Package and Integrated Product Price Trend: 2010-2020
• Lamp Forecast for the Office/Professional Category: 2010-2020
• Luminaire Forecast for the Office/Professional Category: 2010-2020
• Lamp Forecast for the Warehouse Category: 2010-2020
• Luminaire Forecast for the Warehouse Category: 2010-2020
• Lamp Forecast for the Institutional Category: 2010-2020
• Luminaire Forecast for the Institutional Category: 2010-2020
• Lamp Forecast for the Retail Category: 2010-2020
• Luminaire Forecast for the Retail Category: 2010-2020
• Lamp Forecast for the Other Commercial Category: 2010-2020
• Luminaire Forecast for the Other Commercial Category: 2010-2020
• Lamp Forecast for the Industrial Category: 2010-2020
• Luminaire Forecast for the Industrial Category: 2010-2020
• Lamp Forecast for the Outdoor Stationary Category: 2010-2020
• Luminaire Forecast for the Outdoor Stationary Category: 2010-2020
• Questions to Ask the Supplier

List of Tables

• Overview of LED Lighting Application Strengths and Weaknesses
• Total Primary Energy Consumption for Lighting by Sector, United States: 2001
• National Energy Use for Lighting Disaggregated by Sector, United States: 2001
• Lamp Inventory Forecast: 2009-2020
• Replacement Lamp Forecast: 2010-2020
• New Construction Lamp Forecast: 2010-2020
• Retrofit Lamp Forecast: 2010-2020
• Lamps Removed due to Retrofits and Building Retirement, Forecast: 2010-2020
• Value of Lamps, Forecast: 2010-2020
• Luminaires Forecast: 2010-2020
• Value of Luminaires, Forecast: 2010-2020
• Total Value, Forecast: 2010-2020
• Typical Performance of Lighting Technologies
• Electricity Prices, World Markets: 1999-2007
• Levelized Cost of Energy
• Breakdown of Lighting Requirements in Commercial Buildings
• Energy Usage in Commercial Buildings, United States: 2008
• Commercial Buildings by Use Type, United States: 2008
• Energy Usage by Commercial Building Activity (% of Total Energy Used), United States: 2008
• Commercial Categories and Industrial Sector Floor Space, United States: 2009
• Outdoor Stationary Installed Base by Application, United States: 2007
• Street and Area Light Installed Base by Technology, United States: 2007
• Largest LED Street Light Installations as of December 2009
• EISA 2007 Prescribed Standards for General Service Incandescent Lamps
• Selected LED Street Light Rebates Offered by PG&E
• EU Energy Label Classes for Different Lamp Types
• Qualities of a Light Source
• Summary of LED Package Performance Projections: 2008-2015
• Summary of LED Luminaire Performance Projections: 2008-2015
• Summary of OLED Device Performance Projections: 2008-2015
• Congressional Appropriation for SSL R&D Portfolio: 2003-2009
• L Prize Requirements
• Typical Product Costs of Light Sources (2008 Prices)
• Estimated Commercial and Industrial Building Space and Lighting Status, United States: 2009
• Estimated Inventory of Installed Lamps, United States: 2009
• Average Lamp Life by Technology
• Net Annual Growth Rate of Square Footage by Building Type Category
• Annual New Construction Rates by Building Type Category: 2010-2020
• Annual Retirement Rates by Building Type Category: 2010-2020
• SSL Share of New Construction and Retrofit Activity by Building Type Category: 2010-2020
• Average Lamp and Luminaire Prices by Technology
• LED Package and Integrated Product Price Trend: 2010-2020
• SSL Product Prices, 5-Year Increments: 2010-2020
• SSL Product Prices: 2010-2020
• Lamp Forecast for the Office/Professional Category: 2010-2020
• Lamp Value Forecast for the Office/Professional Category: 2010-2020
• Luminaire Forecast for the Office/Professional Category: 2010-2020
• Luminaire Value Forecast for the Office/Professional Category: 2010-2020
• Lamp Forecast for the Warehouse Category: 2010-2020
• Lamp Value Forecast for the Warehouse Category: 2010-2020
• Luminaire Forecast for the Warehouse Category: 2010-2020
• Luminaire Value Forecast for the Warehouse Category: 2010-2020
• Lamp Forecast for the Institutional Category: 2010-2020
• Lamp Value Forecast for the Institutional Category: 2010-2020
• Luminaire Forecast for the Institutional Category: 2010-2020
• Luminaire Value Forecast for the Institutional Category: 2010-2020
• Lamp Forecast for the Retail Category: 2010-2020
• Lamp Value Forecast for the Retail Category: 2010-2020
• Luminaire Forecast for the Retail Category: 2010-2020
• Luminaire Value Forecast for the Retail Category: 2010-2020
• Lamp Forecast for the Other Commercial Category: 2010-2020
• Lamp Value Forecast for the Other Commercial Category: 2010-2020
• Luminaire Forecast for the Other Commercial Category: 2010-2020
• Luminaire Value Forecast for the Other Commercial Category: 2010-2020
• Lamp Forecast for the Industrial Category: 2010-2020
• Lamp Value Forecast for the Industrial Category: 2010-2020
• Luminaire Forecast for the Industrial Category: 2010-2020
• Luminaire Value Forecast for the Industrial Category: 2010-2020
• Lamp Forecast for the Outdoor Stationary Category: 2010-2020
• Lamp Value Forecast for the Outdoor Stationary Category: 2010-2020
• Luminaire Forecast for the Outdoor Stationary Category: 2010-2020
• Luminaire Value Forecast for the Outdoor Stationary Category: 2010-2020

2020年の業務用照明市場で、LED照明の普及率は46％に達するだろう

2010年5月5日
照明は世界の電力消費の約17.5％を占めており、米国では照明用電力の多くが業務用の建造物で消費されている。近年の照明技術の革新、特に発光ダイオード(LED、Light Emitting Diode)を使用するソリッドステート照明の開発は、商用ビルの分野で、長期にわたるエネルギー効率化の可能性が大きいと見られている。米国の環境エネルギーなどの地球環境保護に関するクリーン技術関連市場の専門調査会社パイクリサーチ社の調査レポート「業務用市場向けのエネルギー効率のよい照明の市場調査:商用、産業用、屋外照明用のLEDソリッドステート照明などの高効率照明技術と市場 - Energy Efficient Lighting for Commercial Markets:LED Solid State Lighting and Other High Efficiency Lighting Technologies for Commercial, Industrial, and Outdoor Stationary Applications」は、LED照明は今後ますます重要度を高め、2020年までに米国の商用、産業用、屋外照明の分野での普及率を46％まで拡大し、44億ドルに達するだろうと報告している。

「LED照明は、今後5年間でピークを迎えるだろう。ソリッドステート照明のコストが下がり、性能が向上し、LEDは商業利用での場面を拡大して、より実用的なものとなるだろう。LEDは既に、交通信号や非常口サインなどの照明に幅広く利用されており、今後1、2年で飽和市場に達するだろう。屋外据置き照明の分野が、LED照明の次の成長分野であり、その次が小売店やオフィス・業務用ビルや公共の建造物であるだろう」と、パイクリサーチ社の常務Clint Wheelock氏は語る。

長期的にはLED照明の予測は強気であるものの、この分野には多くの技術的な障害や財政的なハードルがあるとパイクリサーチ社は指摘している。コストとソリッドステート照明の効率化は急速に改善しているものの、LED照明が業務用の照明市場を主導するまでには、まだ何年もかかるだろう。LED照明製品の時代が来るまでの転換の期間には、非常に安価でエネルギー効率がよく寿命が長いT8蛍光管とT5蛍光管が、白熱灯を上回る主導的な技術となるだろう。

この調査レポートは、商業利用や屋外据置き照明などの分野の、LEDなどの効率のよい照明の利用を促進する主要技術と市場傾向を分析している。米国の、7種の主要な建造物とアプリケーションセクターの、10種類の照明技術カテゴリーにおけるランプと照明器具の販売の10年間予測と、16社の主要企業のSWOT分析も記載している。

(原文)

LED Lighting Penetration to Reach 46% of the Commercial Building Lamp Market by 2020